A Call for More Community Reading


One of my most important
responsibilities as an English teacher is to create conditions for books to be
read in community. Whether it’s whole class books, online book clubs, or just
the constant conversations about what my students are reading, my hope is that
these regular discussions will lead to a deeper understanding and a more
fulfilling experience. My students often report that they enjoy listening to
what their classmates have to say about books, that hearing others’ viewpoints
allows them to see things they do not notice when they read by themselves.
Sometimes I find myself wishing I had
more opportunities to read books in community like my students do. As an adult
with limited book club experience and very minimal social media presence (does Strava
count?), most of the interactions I have with others to discuss my own reading
seem brief and superficial. I sometimes worry that my own lack of reading
community might limit the potential impact of the books that I read. With
nobody to challenge my thinking or reinforce ideas, it’s hard to tell how much
of what I read just washes over me before slinking away.
I currently have 14 books sitting on
the desk in my home office. They sit in three different stacks and are loosely
organized in a sort of hierarchy, the top ones placed there to get my attention
first. About half of these are books that I have already finished, but I just
don’t feel ready to place on a bookshelf yet. I keep hoping some opportunity
comes up to share the experience with others before I get sick of the clutter
and find them a new home, somewhere out of my way.
Two of those books, Drive and Mindset, are books that I read earlier this school year, and can’t
quite let go. While reading each of these books, I found myself peppering some
of the ideas into my conversations with colleagues, but it’s hard to have a
substantive conversation about a book with someone who has either not read it,
or read it years ago. So before I cram them onto a bookshelf, I’m going to use
this blog to share a few of my key takeaways from these books, and invite
anyone who has read, or wants to read either of these books, to continue the
conversation.
When school started this past August,
I was talking to Tiz about intrinsic motivation, and she loaned me Daniel
Pink’s Drive. I found this book
fascinating and relevant, especially the overwhelming evidence that humans are
intrinsically motivated by nature, and that many of our most deeply embedded
societal institutions (work, education) have been largely designed under the
assumption that humans are motivated by extrinsic forces (money, grades). One
of the core principles that has stuck with me is the idea that all workers (and
students), desire autonomy, mastery and purpose in their work above everything
else, including money. Of course, it is necessary to make enough money to
satisfy basic needs, but research shows that the desire for more is not a
strong motivating factor, and does not produce better workers (or students).
When I finished Drive, I decided it was finally time to read Mindset by Carol Dweck. I devoured this book, half of it on a
flight back from London at the end of Thanksgiving break. Of course, all of us
are familiar with the term “growth mindset”, but I believe that this term has
been transformed and reinterpreted (sometimes falsely) over the years. My
greatest takeaway from this book was as a parent and little league coach to my
two sons. Lesley and I have recently begun talking about having my older son
Lucas try out for travel ball teams, and I have been making more time to
practice with both of my boys during the offseason. On every car ride to the
batting cages or to the field, I have been working the idea into our
conversations that we practice to get better, and that the very best baseball
players are not the most naturally talented ones, but the ones that work the
hardest. I also enjoyed the section of the book on relationships, as it
reminded me that growth is possible in so many dimensions of life. I know that
some of our students are sick of hearing the term “growth mindset”, and
interestingly see it as some sort of fixed mindset that they do not possess. So
while I show restraint in using that term, I do emphasize that you only get
better at writing by practicing writing, because it takes resilience and hard
work to get better at anything.
I am currently reading Make it Stick by Brown, Roediger and
McDaniel. The authors are cognitive psychiatrists who have done extensive
research on what methods of learning are actually most effective. Not surprisingly,
they identify that students and teachers often place too much emphasis on
memorization, which has limited benefits to deep, long-term learning. They also
make a case for frequent testing, and their research shows that being tested
after reading something is much more effective than rereading or reviewing
notes.
I would love for our faculty to figure
out ways to better coordinate our reading and build more reading communities. I’ve
heard great things about the Dare to Lead
book club, and maybe we can start other books club opportunities. I also think
it would be valuable if we had some repository (like a Goodreads-type platform)
where we could archive our individual responses to books and make
recommendations. We could also use Schoology discussion groups to hold online
book clubs, which is one of my favorite classroom tools.
I have always believed that reading
impacts us as human beings deeply, and that what we read shapes our lives in
ways that are not easily identified. While I still believe this to be true, the
reading that we do to improve our teaching practices should be shared, and it
is important that our own learning is happening in community. If anyone has any
interest or ideas about how we can continue sharing our reading experiences,
feel free to reach out to me – this is something I’d love to work on.

Twitter for Professional Development

Back in October the Algebra team was invited to present at a Taste of TMC (Twitter Math Chat) mini conference hosted at Seven Hills School.  I was excited to have a “dress rehearsal” for our presentation that we would be doing at the California Mathematics Council in December.  What I didn’t realize was that in addition to practicing our presentation, I also learned about a whole world of professional development amongst math teachers on Twitter. The two teachers who put on this conference were active participants in Twitter education chats and many participants of the conference knew each other virtually and were meeting in person for the first time.   

I learned about popular hashtags math teachers use on Twitter when they are sharing lesson plans, questions they have for other math educators, or problems they are trying to solve in class.  I started devoting 10 minutes a day to professional development on Twitter.  I would follow certain hashtags and engage in discussions with other teachers.  I would get so many ideas for how I could improve my teaching and lessons I could try.  I never would have thought Twitter could provide so much (free!) professional development.

A lot of our Algebra program is based on research done by Jo Boaler so I was excited to follow her.  When I would post about something we have done in Algebra that was inspired by her work or one of her suggested lessons I always tagged her, never expecting her to read all of the posts she’s tagged in every day.  I also followed YouCubed.org which is the nonprofit she co-created with Cathy Williams at Stanford University to “inspire, educate, and empower teachers of mathematics” while also sharing out the latest research on how students learn mathematics.

After tagging both Jo and YouCubed quite a few times on Twitter I finally got their attention!  Jo emailed me (!!!!) and asked me to fill out a survey providing more information on what we are doing at Carondelet.  I immediately filled it out but then didn’t hear anything in response.  I soon forgot about the survey.  In January I got another email from Jo and Cathy asking if Cathy could come observe our program.  Cathy’s visit provided us with some much needed validation that we are on the right track with our Algebra program and despite the resistance we should keep moving forward.

Cathy went back and shared with Jo what she observed and we were invited to be members of a panel discussion at their Mathematics Leadership Summit at Stanford University this past month.  Cathy shared out with the participants from all over the United States, Canada, Australia, and Scotland about our program and then invited myself and Kristina Levesque up to the stage to answer questions about our program.

After our panel discussion we were able to make connections with other educators who are also on a similar journey to improving math instruction for their students and schools.  We heard a lot of encouragement and excitement about our program and that while it sounds different from what other schools are doing, it could be adapted to meet the individual needs of other schools who are wanting to create a change.  Jo is also wanting to learn more about our program and will be visiting us in April.  

What amazes me is that all of these connections are from using social media for a few minutes a day to connect with others.  It has made me realize that there are so many resources available to us and it doesn’t have to be through a conference (although those are great too!).

How Do Students Think About History?

Once or twice a year the Social Studies Department gets together for some professional development to help us teach our students to think like professional historians.

Background: about three years ago the Social Studies Department shifted the focus to a more skills-based curriculum. Writing and using discipline-specific skills are now emphasized as opposed to old-school rote memorization of names, dates, and events. The cognitive skills we want our students to master include cause and effect, change and continuity over time, etc., and are included in our department writing rubrics. If students effectively practice these historical thinking skills, they will learn all the necessary content in a more meaningful way while becoming coherent thinkers and stronger writers.
What does this sort of thinking actually look like? How do we know our students are demonstrating these cognitive skills in a fluent and meaningful way? How can we hold each other accountable to properly teach these skills?

Here is what we do: once every semester (or two) the Social Studies Department does the following PD:

  1. One teacher is selected in advance to bring 3 previously graded student essays to our department meeting. The teacher pulls one high scored essay, one medium, one low, and then scrambles the order. Each essay was scored by the teacher as per our department writing rubric.
  2. We blind-score the essays.
  3. Each teacher shares out while the rubric is projected on the LCD projector. Here is what the rubric looks like at the end of the process.

The benefits of doing this are:

  1. Our grading is calibrated so our students get a fair grade regardless of which teacher they have.
  2. The process facilitates deep and enriching discussion in our department meeting. Some of us will disagree on one particular category, or we might comment on a passage in one of the essays. The rubric guides our discussion of student work. By the end of the meeting, we have gained more clarity on how we want our students to think about historical events and how to plan future units accordingly.
In general, this is the same methodology used by the College Board to train AP Readers to score AP exams. However, in our department meetings, we take it a step further with in-depth discussions of student work and our subsequent changes in the units we teach. Ask some of our history teachers what they think about this process and the value it brings to their instructional planning. You may want to try this as well…

Venaver DC

I have been holding off on blogging about my experience attending Venaver DC. The Ignatian family teach-in because I am still processing the journey we went on! I had never been to DC and I am so grateful to have finally visited our capital.  I felt a connection to being American that I had previously not known.

I have been teaching religion for twelve years and there have been so many moments of immense joy (and struggles too) in teaching about the Catholic faith.  I saw such a beautiful version of our church in the participants in the teach in.  I was invigorated to see so many young people speak their truth in regard to social justice issues, including DACA, immigration, LGBTQ rights, praying for the victims of abuses by priests and so much more.

Some highlights:

  • Getting to know some amazing students that I have not had the chance to teach.
  • Traveling with and getting to know Susan Domanico and spending time with Lacy as well. 
  • Hearing from educators from around the country who are guiding their students to pursue topics of injustice
    • I went to a phenomenal break out session with two faculty who advise the Brophy College prep dream on campaign.  These students are on fire and getting things accomplished in their community.  The advisors advice: Let your students lead! Do not create positions of leadership for the student groups and plug in students.  Rather, the leadership needs need to be identified and created by the students.  Radical to me and for them it is working.  
  • Being present to our own Sasha Williams and her powerful message to the entire conference! If you haven’t seen her speech I highly recommend it.  
  • Taking our time walking through the Holocaust museum will forever stay with me.  I know I have a whole new perspective on the Holocaust and it will reflect in my teaching of global conflict, Judaism and our response to those in need.  
  • Watching our students beautifully address representatives from Sen. Feinsteins office and Rep. Mark DeSaulnier office.  Our girls who attended are dynamic, passionate and ready to use their voice for the voiceless and I couldn’t be prouder of them.  

Lisa Xavier and Kate Cutright @ iNacol, Nashville

What an eye opening experience this event was for us. 3000 innovative educators (mostly administrators and CEOs) gathered in Nashville to discuss best practices for school change. Prior to this conference, we had heard words buzzing all around Carondelet and to be honest, we had vague notions of their meanings. 
iNACOL cleared up a lot of ideas, reinforced best practices we already use and changed our minds on some of our more stubborn notions. Here is a quick list of highlights:
  1. There are different definitions for buzz words like “student-centered,” “project-based,” “student agency,” “PBL,” etc. It is really important that everyone in the community has a shared definition for these terms.
  2. Early, focused success, when transitioning from old to new, breeds more success and buy-in from all stakeholders. 
  3. Various spaces for students to work in different configurations are required and should be available.
  4.  A ton of adults need to be accessible to students working as “learning experience designers” (LED), mentors, coaches, advisors, and supervisors.
  5. Students must learn procedures on how to behave, transition, and work both collaboratively and independently.
  6. Students must be allowed to make several choices regarding what/how they study. 
  7. Traditional classroom setting where there are 30+ kids and one teacher is antiquated and ineffective for too many kids.

Also, we got to meet up with two De La Salle teachers, Alex Stevenson and Donald Van Bromel. Being able to collaborate and laugh with teachers from across the street was definitely a refreshing perk!

The next iNACOL symposium is set for October 2019 in Palm Springs. We highly recommend attendees from CHS be members of Carondelet’s leadership team. Also, enthusiastic teachers who are interested in learning (or revisiting) these educational approaches should attend this symposium in 2019.  
If you would like to hear more or you’re interested in attending next year, please stop by for a chat. Both Lisa and I can tell you more about our experiences.

Knowing Technologies

Knowing Technologies Campfire PD session June 13th at Mercy High School



I was able to attend the inaugural professional development campfire put on by one of our partners, Knowing Technologies. I want to shout out the director, a De La Salle alum and past teacher, Jim Puccetti.


I loved that the presenters were other educators from private and charter schools. We have similar experiences and can learn a lot from others. I love hearing what has been successful for other educators regarding technology in and out of the classroom.  My favorite takeaways were:



Having students use the touchcast app.  This app allows students to create and edit videos using a green screen.  I loved examples i saw and how easy it would be to create dynamic and engaging videos in my classes.  There are some great tutorials on youtube to check out!

Another app I look forward to trying next school year is called clips. It is another video app that students can use to create short videos.  What makes clips special is you can add labels, emojis and subtitles. I think it would be a lot of fun for the students to add some ‘flair to their video clips. Their personalities can shine through as well as they can edit clips to include phrases and other information. There is an in depth tutorial video here. ’


*I was lucky enough to attend with Janine Orr and Ashley Mangini too!

Critical Thinking and Reading: ‘Big History’ Skills for all Disciplines

I’ve completed half of the Big History Project online professional development and want to share some of my initial thoughts. While this post might not be of value to the English and Social Studies teachers who will be completing the P.D., I thought it might be of interest to others who want to get a better sense of the skills the course emphasizes. These skills certainly transcend any single discipline.

(1) Critical Thinking: Big History emphasizes critical thinking as a skill. The course explicitly teaches critical thinking through the routine of “claim testing.” In Big History, claim testing means examining an idea in four different areas that challenge students to consider four different questions:

      • intuition: Does the claim jive with your intuition?
      • authority: Does the claim come from a trusted source?
      • evidence: Does the claim come with data points to back it up?
      • logic: Does the claim follow a clear line of reasoning?

The course starts by having students apply claim testing to readings. Then, they practice with debates. The idea is that as the practice of claim testing becomes more familiar to students, they naturally apply it to class discussions and writing.

(2) Reading: Big History embraces three different approaches to teaching reading:

      • leveled readings: In partnership with Newsela, the course readings are provided at a variety of reading levels so that students at all levels have access to the big ideas. I love this embedded differentiation!
      • three close reads: On the first reading, students read for the “gist” and make a prediction. On the second read, the students read for key facts and main ideas. On the third read, students “think bigger” and are asked to connect the text to a broader concept.
      • video as text: The course treats video as text to be “read.” I love this mindset as it encourages active learning in activity often viewed by our culture as passive.
I love the differentiated texts and “close reading” approach Big History champions. While I do not believe all texts should be ‘close read’ or necessarily close read in this way, I think the three-part close reading method lends itself nicely to a variety of short non-fiction texts with the goal of increasing reading comprehension and making meaning.

As we re-write our curricula, I think it is important for us to be mindful of the academic language and we use as teachers. Using common language, as appropriate, will only increase the likelihood students will transfer skills and ideas from course to course. #claimtesting #threeclosereads #videoastext
The second half of the professional development will focus on writing… more to come.

KQED Learn

This past semester I have had the privilege of being a pilot
teacher for a new online platform for teachers and students by KQED. KQED Learn
is a safe, online learning site for student-driven inquiry and collaboration
across classrooms, communities and regions. KQED Learn was created to connect
students in an online forum to use community sourcing to investigate questions,
evaluate sources, and share one’s findings. 
It is a project and student publishing platform.  I was one of 45 teachers from across the Bay
Area that had a role in developing and refining the platform and its curriculum
and resources.  The platform will launch
publicly later this year. (I apologize for not having screen shots to be able
to share at this time.  The website is
offline until it is launched publicly). I also have found the KQED online community a wonderful resource for teachers.  I had no idea the quality of content that they provide.  Check it out! 
What I am so excited about is the ability for students to collaborate
across schools in a safe online forum. As a teacher you can post an
investigation (question) and students have the ability to post sources that
they find and other students can comment and rank each source.  My students found this incredibly
helpful.  They were challenged to post
sources that they felt were credible and that other students would be impressed
by and that they would want to use.  I
found my students used much more legitimate sources because of the peer
observation piece. 
I have to share another creation of KQED that I find
amazing.  There is a team of young film
makers and journalists that are creating a series of web videos called Above the Noise.   They
range in topics from global warming, gerrymandering, genetic engineering, 3D
printing of guns, internet trolls and much more.  I highly suggest you checkout their library
of videos on their youtube channel

The Global Education Leadership Conference: Lessons, Questions & Reflections

Elizabeth Chaponot and I just returned from the Global Education Leadership Conference in D.C. As a 2014 Teachers for Global Classrooms alum, I was invited to attend the conference with an administrator by the sponsoring partners, IREX and the U.S. Department of State. I presented an identity-anchored framework for teaching literature and Elizabeth presented on empowering teacher leadership.

The focus of the conference was teacher leadership and global education. “Connect. Innovate. Lead” was the theme. It was exciting and inspiring to connect with teachers from around the country. While they are fresh in my mind, I wanted to share some takeaways:

(1) What exactly is global education? As we develop our curriculum and programming moving forward, we must deliberately work toward cultivating a global perspective in our students. Nurturing global citizens ties in with so much of what we are already talking about — the habits of mind, CSJ mission, social justice education, design think, etc. Making sure our students have a global mindset moving forward means that our students are constantly doing the following:

  • investigating the world
  • weighing perspectives
  • communicating ideas for diverse audiences
  • taking action
  • applying disciplinary and interdisciplinary knowledge
(2)  What is my personal global education vision? My dream is for our students to connect with each other and their local and global communities through ideas, books, and writing. I can’t wait to explore how our students might participate in The Global Read Aloud and connect with the students of other teachers I connected with at the conference.
(3) Adding a “take action” portion to units now feels more manageable. Sara Krakauer, author the Innovation on Earth blog shared a framework for student-centered activist projects that I plan on using with my sophomores and seniors next semester as they research a woman’s issue that they care about. She also broke down activism into five useful categories: direct service, advocacy, organizing, awareness/education, fundraising.
(4) What does it mean to be a good leader/teacher? Some of the best speakers I heard, including the U.S. Teacher of the Year Sydnee Chaffee, shared a vision for leadership that really resonated with me. Good leaders are humble. They listen and empower others. Leadership isn’t about trying to get people to change or to see things your way. It’s about putting values first and creating a space that empowers others and encourages them to grow.
(5) My big questions… What does it mean to provide a global education for young women in particular? How should we be leading our students, as young women, to be global citizens? How can we better partner with our C.S.J. sister schools? 
(6) I want to go IB! I’m convinced that the International Baccalaureatte Programme (1) is way better than A.P. classes, (2) provides a cohesive “big idea”-centered and rigorous curriculum that truly cultivates a global mindset, and (3) is a program we should seriously consider moving forward. It has already packaged so much of what we are trying to do and seems to offer exceptional professional development. We would instantly be tied in with an established network of schools around the world. 

Franken-drawing! Sketching Cause & Effect

I thought I’d write a quick update on how I have applied Martin Cisneros’ ideas about sketching to learn to a recent lesson.

About a week ago, I asked my Classics of Horror class to create a visual map of the consequences of Victor’s fateful decision to play God. Ultimately, my goals were three-fold. I wanted to (1) assess how well students understood how elements of the plot related to each other, (2) deepen and challenge their thinking about an element of the plot that they might not have thought deeply about, and (3) prepare students for a class discussion on the topic.

I let students decide if they wanted to use a digital sketchpad or paper and pen. Half chose digital, half chose paper and pen. After 10 minutes of mapping, I asked some students to share their maps with the class as a discussion springboard. The digital sketches were inherently easier to share than the paper maps due to the bold, colorful lines. These digital maps were easy to scale up and to project. They were more audience-friendly.

Here are two students’ map:

From my students’ maps and how they talked about them, I learned that students had thought a lot about how Victor’s decision to create the monster affected his family but had not thought about the effect the decision had on Victor himself and his best friend Henry Clerval. In this sense, the maps were effective in allowing me to quickly assess student understanding. When I brought up the omissions I noticed, the class addressed the Victor/Clerval consequences in an ensuing discussion that (hopefully) closed a gap in their thinking.

Students seemed to enjoy mapping though it was hard for the perfectionist-types to be ok with a quick, imperfect sketch. Like any well-crafted “pre-writing” exercise, the drawing helped prepare students for discussion. I believe that mapping helped me achieve all three things that I hoped it would – assessment, engagement with novel, and discussion prep.

At the end of this unit, I will collect some data on students’ perception of this activity and another sketch activity I have planned. For now, I’m left wondering about a few things. Did students really learn more from drawing this map than they would have from writing about consequences? Sketching is fun and something different in English class, but has Cisneros overstated the benefits? How can I better measure the impact of this teaching method on student learning?